Mu rwego rwo gukora inganda zateye imbere, cyane cyane mu nganda zitwikiriye plastiki, kugera ku guhuza kwizerwa hagati yinzego ni ikibazo gihoraho kandi gikomeye. Polimeri nyinshi, nka polypropilene, isanzwe ifite imbaraga zo hasi, ibyo bigatuma idashobora kwihanganira guhuza wino, ibifatika, cyangwa ibipfundikizo byakurikiyeho. Kugira ngo dutsinde iyi nzitizi yibanze, tekinike yo guhindura isura ni ngombwa. Muri ibyo, kuvura corona byagaragaye nk'ikoranabuhanga rikomeza imfuruka, rituma imikorere - ikora neza hamwe n’ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike bimara igihe kirekire mu bice bitandukanye kuva bipfunyika byoroshye kugeza imyenda ya tekiniki.
1. Siyanse na Mechanism yo kuvura Corona
Ubuvuzi bwa Corona nubuhanga buhanitse bwo guhindura ibintu bukoresha ubushyuhe buke - ubushyuhe bwa corona isohora plasma kugirango ihindure imiterere yubuso bwibintu. Ihame shingiro ririmo kubyara ingufu - voltage, hejuru - gusohora amashanyarazi hagati ya electrode na roller ihagaze. Nka plastike substrate - akenshi firime cyangwa urupapuro - inyura muri kariya gace gasohora, plasma ifite ingufu ikorana nubuso bwa polymer. Iyi mikoranire isenya imigozi ya molekulari hejuru yubuso kandi itangiza amatsinda yimikorere ya polar (nka karubone na hydroxyls) binyuze muburyo busa na okiside yoroheje. Igisubizo cyibanze ni kwiyongera gukomeye kwingufu zubutaka bwibintu, akenshi bipimirwa kuri dynes kuri santimetero (dyn / cm). Kurugero, kuvura corona birashobora kuzamura ingufu zubuso bwa biopolymer nka acide polylactique (PLA) kugera kurwego rugera kuri 50 dyn / cm, ikabihindura bivuye ku mbaraga nkeya -, bitari - hejuru yinkoni bihinduka byoroshye kwakira amazi - bishingiye kuri wino no gutwikira. Iri hinduka ni ingenzi cyane kuko rikora ubuso bukora bwa chimique butera imbaraga zikomeye hagati yimitsi (van der Waals imbaraga) hamwe nudukingirizo, bityo tugahuza neza.
2. Kwinjiza mubikorwa byo gutwikira plastike
Gushyira mu bikorwa imiti ya corona ntabwo ari intambwe yihariye ahubwo ni ibice byitondewe muburyo bwagutse. Inzira isanzwe yo gukora firime - inzitizi zometse kuri firime yerekana guhuza neza. Uburyo akenshi butangirana no kuvura corona yubuvuzi bwibanze (urugero, polypropilene cyangwa firime polyester). Ubu buryo bwambere bwo kuvura butegura ubuso kugirango bwakire primer cyangwa karuvati -, ikaba ari inshuro ya acrylic - ishingiye ku kuzamura imikoranire. Ukurikije primer, inzitizi nyamukuru itwikiriye - ishobora kuba amazi adasanzwe - igizwe na sodium polysilicate cyangwa igiti kama nka Saran (polyvinylidene chloride copolymer) -. Imikorere yiyi miterere myinshi igizwe nubuvuzi bwa mbere bwa corona. Bitabaye ibyo, isano iri hagati ya firime ya polypropilene hamwe na Saran yakurikiranye, urugero, yaba ifite intege nke kandi ikunda gusibanganywa. Ipatanti hamwe nibikorwa byinganda byerekana ko corona (kandi rimwe na rimwe ikongezwa) nkuburyo bwingirakamaro, busanzwe bwa okiside yubuso bwa ngombwa kugirango umuntu agere "mubufatanye bukomeye" mubikorwa nkibi.
3. Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki no guhitamo sisitemu
Guhitamo no gukora sisitemu ikwiye yo kuvura corona nibyingenzi kubisubizo bihamye. Sisitemu zigezweho zigabanijwemo ibice bibiri byingenzi: amashanyarazi atanga amashanyarazi hamwe nuwabisabye electrode (cyangwa sitasiyo yubuvuzi). Mugihe cyo kwerekana sisitemu, injeniyeri agomba gusuzuma ibintu byinshi byingenzi birenze ubwoko bwibintu n'umuvuduko wumurongo. Urwego rwa dyne rusabwa - intego yo gupima ingufu zubuso - nikintu gikomeye. Sisitemu igezweho yo kugenzura ikoreshwa rya digitale itanga ibisobanuro bihanitse mugukomeza urwego rwa dyne rwifuzwa mugice cyumusaruro, kwemeza imikorere imwe hamwe no kugabanya imyanda. Igishushanyo cya sisitemu kigomba kandi kubara igihe kirekire; hejuru {7} Byongeye kandi, gufata neza ibice byingenzi nka electrode hamwe na generator ya - yumurongo wa ngombwa ningirakamaro mugukomeza gukora neza, kuvura neza, no kongera ubuzima bwibikoresho.
4. Gusaba Inganda ninyungu
Akamaro ko kuvura corona muburyo bwo gutwikira plastike ikora inganda nyinshi zo hejuru -. Urwego rwo gupakira rworoshye ni umwe mubakoresha cyane iryo koranabuhanga, aho firime za pulasitike zivuwe zemeza ko wino zifite imbaraga hamwe na laminations zo gukingira zubahiriza neza, bigatuma habaho ububengerane, ijisho - gufata, no gupakira igihe kirekire. Kurangiza kurabagirana kuri firime zavuwe ntabwo byongera ubwiza bwamashusho binyuze muburyo bwiza bwo kuzuza amabara no gutandukana ariko nanone bikora nk'urwego rukingira. Kurenza gupakira, tekinike ningirakamaro mugukora firime zometse kubikorwa bya tekiniki, harimo ibirango, kaseti yinganda, hamwe na laminates yihariye aho kwizerwa kwimikorere bidashobora guhungabana. Inzira ituma hakoreshwa impuzu zangiza ibidukikije, nkamazi - zishingiye kuri wino hamwe nudusimba, ubundi bikaba bigoye guhanagura no kwizirika hejuru ya polyolefine itavuwe. Ubu bushobozi bujyanye nibikorwa bigenda byiyongera mubikorwa byo gukora.
Umwanzuro
Muri make, kuvura corona birenze kure intambwe ibanza; nigikorwa cyibanze cyubuziranenge nibikorwa mumashanyarazi ya plastike. Mugukomeza neza ingufu zubuso bwa polymer substrate binyuze mumasemburo ya plasma yagenzuwe, ikemura ikibazo cyo gufatira hamwe kwatewe na plastike nkeya -. Kwishyira hamwe kwayo kumurongo utwikiriye, hamwe niterambere mugucunga digitale kurwego rwa dyne ihoraho, bituma ikorana buhanga kandi ryingirakamaro. Uhereye ku kwemeza kuramba kw'ifunguro ry'ibiribwa kugeza ku kwemeza uburinganire bw'ikintu kinini - cyifashishijwe mu buhanga, uruhare rwo kuvura corona ni urufatiro. Mugihe siyanse yibintu igenda itera imbere kandi igasaba ko hashyirwa hejuru imikorere yimyenda ikura, uburyo bunoze bwo kuvura corona bizakomeza gushimangira udushya mubikorwa bya plastiki ku isi.